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Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

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Older adults exhibit multisensory-specific cognitive control effects.

Samuel A Jones¹, Stephen P Badham¹, Katherine L Roberts¹

¹Nottingham Trent University.

Psychology and Aging

|June 22, 2026

Summary

Older adults show specific deficits in multisensory processing when cognitive control is challenged, particularly with conflicting sensory information. This age-related decline in multisensory integration emerges during complex tasks involving task switching.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Human Aging Research
Sensory Perception

Background:

Healthy aging often involves sensory processing decline, especially with complex or conflicting stimuli.
Cognitive control is implicated, but its role in age-related multisensory decline is unclear due to limited comparative studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the impact of aging on cognitive control in both unisensory and multisensory contexts.
To investigate whether age-related differences in cognitive control are specific to multisensory perception.

Main Methods:

Employed visual and audiovisual Stroop tasks in younger and older adults.
Manipulated cognitive control demands using trial-by-trial task switching.
Compared performance across unisensory and multisensory conditions.

Main Results:

No age-related performance decline was observed in unisensory tasks or multisensory tasks without switching.
Older adults exhibited significantly worse performance during multisensory task switching, especially with incongruent stimuli.

Conclusions:

Age-related deficits in cognitive control can be specific to multisensory processing.
Multisensory integration in older adults is particularly vulnerable under high cognitive control demands and conflicting sensory input.