Multi-Omics Pan-Cancer Bioinformatics Workflow for Evaluating PTDSS1 and PTDSS2 as Prognostic and Immune Biomarkers

The phosphatidylserine synthesis enzymes PTDSS1 and PTDSS2 play important roles in cellular processes, including membrane composition and signal transduction. Abnormal expressions of these enzymes has been associated with tumor-associated macrophage infiltration and poor survival outcomes in breast cancer. However, their comprehensive roles across different cancer types remain unclear. In this study, we performed a pan-cancer analysis to evaluate the diagnostic, prognostic, immune infiltration, and immunotherapeutic relevance of PTDSS1 and PTDSS2. Multiple public databases were used to analyze gene expression patterns, clinical correlations, survival outcomes, tumor stemness scores, and immune-related characteristics across various cancers. The results showed that PTDSS1 and PTDSS2 are widely expressed in human tissues and significantly upregulated in most tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. High expression of PTDSS1 or PTDSS2 was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) in several cancer types and showed significant correlations with clinical stage and tumor stemness scores. In addition, functional analyses suggested that these genes may contribute to tumorigenesis, immune regulation, and chemoresistance. Overall, the findings highlight the prognostic significance of PTDSS1 and PTDSS2 in multiple cancers and suggest that they may serve as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as promising targets for immunotherapy.