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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion01:20

Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion

Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
According to this theory, when an individual experiences physiological...
The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be interpreted as...
The Influence of Affect on Cognition01:29

The Influence of Affect on Cognition

Positive affect significantly influences cognitive processes, including evaluation, memory, creativity, and social judgments. Compared to negative affect, positive emotional states promote more favorable interpretations of stimuli, cognitive flexibility, and heuristic processing. These effects highlight emotions' powerful role in shaping how individuals perceive, remember, and interact with the world.Influence on Evaluation and AttributionWhen individuals experience positive affect, they are...
Theory of Attribution I: Correspondent Inference Theory01:15

Theory of Attribution I: Correspondent Inference Theory

Correspondent inference theory, proposed by Jones and Davis in 1965, seeks to explain how individuals infer stable personality traits from observed behaviors. It suggests that people attribute actions to underlying dispositions rather than external circumstances, particularly when the behavior appears intentional and socially significant.Voluntary Behavior and Dispositional AttributionAccording to this theory, individuals are more likely to attribute behavior to personal traits when it appears...
Labeling Emotion01:20

Labeling Emotion

Emotional labeling is a cognitive process that involves identifying and naming one's emotions, such as anger, fear, happiness, or sadness. It allows individuals to recognize and express their internal emotional states, a critical aspect of emotional regulation and communication. Labeling emotions requires more than mere recognition; it also involves drawing upon memory and contextual cues to understand the current situation and apply a corresponding emotional label. For instance, feeling...
Cognitive Theories: Lazarus Mediational Theory of Emotion01:17

Cognitive Theories: Lazarus Mediational Theory of Emotion

Richard Lazarus' cognitive mediational theory highlights the pivotal role of cognitive appraisal in shaping emotional responses. According to this theory, the evaluation of a stimulus — based on personal values, goals, beliefs, and expectations — mediates the emotional response. This appraisal process is immediate and often occurs unconsciously, influencing the intensity and nature of the resulting emotion.
Cognitive Appraisal and Emotional Response
Lazarus proposed that emotions are not solely...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

Bridging Subjectivity in Affective Explanation Captioning via Consensus-Prompted Emotion Reasoning.

Peipei Song, Zhiyan Zhang, Weidong Chen

    IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
    |June 22, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces Consensus-Prompted Emotion Reasoning (CPER) to improve Affective Explanation Captioning (AEC). CPER effectively handles emotional diversity and aligns visual content with emotions for more accurate image-based emotion analysis.

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    Published on: May 15, 2016

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

    Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
    07:36

    Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

    Published on: November 30, 2018

    Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury
    05:51

    Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

    Published on: May 15, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Computer Vision
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • Affective Explanation Captioning (AEC) aims to analyze viewer-centered emotions in images and explain their causes.
    • Existing methods struggle with emotional subjectivity and the gap between abstract emotions and visual content.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel framework, Consensus-Prompted Emotion Reasoning (CPER), to address AEC challenges.
    • To model emotional diversity and enforce emotional-semantic alignment for improved visual emotion analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a consensus-based bucket prompt to manage emotional diversity.
    • Introduced a dual-space representation using CLIP and emotion encoders for semantic and affective cues.
    • Implemented an emotion consistency learning strategy for grounded explanations.

    Main Results:

    • CPER demonstrated effectiveness in handling emotional diversity and semantic coherence.
    • Experiments on ArtEmis v1.0, ArtEmis v2.0, and Affection datasets showed superior performance.
    • The framework achieved better results compared to state-of-the-art methods in AEC.

    Conclusions:

    • CPER successfully bridges the gap between subjective emotions and objective visual content.
    • The proposed methods enhance the accuracy and coherence of affective explanation captions.
    • CPER offers a promising approach for viewer-centered visual emotion analysis.