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Follicular Lesions in Pediatric Dermatology: A Comprehensive Review and Approach Based on Clinical, Dermoscopic, and

Shreya K Gowda1, Rahul Mahajan2, Maitreyee Panda3

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.

Indian Dermatology Online Journal
|June 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric follicular papules encompass diverse conditions, requiring accurate diagnosis for effective management. This review guides clinicians through diagnosis and treatment of these common childhood skin conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Follicular papules are common in pediatric dermatology, presenting a diagnostic challenge due to their heterogeneous origins.
  • These papules can stem from infectious, inflammatory, genetic, nutritional, autoimmune, or environmental factors.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate management and alleviating patient/parental anxiety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric follicular papules.
  • To guide clinicians in diagnosing and managing these conditions based on clinical presentation and diagnostic tools.
  • To review current treatment options and disease courses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on pediatric follicular papules.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic approaches including history, clinical examination (morphology, distribution), dermoscopy, and histopathology.
  • Discussion of various etiological categories and their clinical manifestations.

Main Results:

  • Categorization of follicular papules based on etiology (inflammatory, nutritional, autoimmune, infectious, genetic, etc.).
  • Detailed description of diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses for common pediatric follicular papules.
  • Overview of treatment strategies tailored to specific conditions.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach integrating clinical findings, dermoscopy, and pathology is essential for diagnosing pediatric follicular papules.
  • Timely and accurate diagnosis leads to improved patient outcomes and reduced disease burden.
  • This review serves as a valuable resource for clinicians managing pediatric patients with follicular papules.

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