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Related Concept Videos

In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

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Modified MicroSecure Vitrification: A Safe, Simple and Highly Effective Cryopreservation Procedure for Human Blastocysts
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Adverse Perinatal Outcomes by Gestational Surrogacy Status among In Vitro Fertilization Pregnancies.

Fagen Xie1, Theresa M Im1, Daniella Park1

  • 1Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Department of Research and Evaluation, California, United States, Pasadena.

American Journal of Perinatology
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Gestational surrogacy in in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies was not linked to increased risks of major complications like placental abruption or preterm birth. However, surrogate pregnancies showed a reduced risk of adverse outcomes including gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Clinical Obstetrics

Background:

  • In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a key technology for assisted reproduction.
  • Gestational surrogacy is an increasingly utilized option for individuals facing infertility.
  • Understanding perinatal outcomes in surrogate pregnancies is crucial for patient counseling and care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare adverse perinatal outcomes between gestational surrogacy and non-surrogate pregnancies conceived via IVF.
  • To identify specific risks or benefits associated with surrogacy in the context of IVF.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from 15,822 IVF pregnancies (2008-2023).
  • Electronic health records and clinical notes were analyzed using natural language processing and chart reviews to identify surrogate status.
  • Adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) from robust Poisson regression models were used to assess associations between surrogacy and perinatal outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Gestational surrogacy was associated with a decreased risk of gestational diabetes (aRR: 0.82), small for gestational age/intrauterine growth restriction (aRR: 0.72), preeclampsia/eclampsia (aRR: 0.70), preterm premature rupture of membranes (aRR: 0.56), and chorioamnionitis (aRR: 0.42).
  • No increased risk was observed for placenta previa, placental abruption, or preterm birth in surrogate pregnancies compared to non-surrogate IVF pregnancies.
  • Surrogate mothers were generally younger and had different demographic and lifestyle factors compared to non-surrogate IVF patients.

Conclusions:

  • Gestational surrogacy in IVF pregnancies is linked to a lower incidence of several adverse perinatal outcomes.
  • These findings offer valuable insights for individuals considering gestational surrogacy as a reproductive choice.
  • Further research may explore the underlying factors contributing to these observed differences in outcomes.