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Presaccadic suppression is reduced for antisaccades.

Matthew Smith¹, Neil W Roach¹, Chris Scholes¹

¹Visual Neuroscience Group, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

Journal of Neurophysiology

|June 22, 2026

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Visual sensitivity reduction during eye movements (saccades) depends on movement planning. Anti-saccades showed less suppression than pro-saccades, indicating motor preparation influences perceptual changes.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Oculomotor Control

Background:

Visual sensitivity decreases before and during saccadic eye movements.
The exact mechanisms for this saccadic suppression are not fully understood.
One hypothesis suggests extra-retinal signals, like corollary discharge, modulate visual processing during saccade preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if saccadic suppression depends on the neural processes of movement planning.
To test if different types of saccades (pro- vs. anti-saccades) exhibit different suppression dynamics.
To determine if motor preparation signals contribute to perceptual suppression.

Main Methods:

Participants performed pro- and anti-saccade tasks.
Contrast sensitivity was measured using briefly presented horizontal gratings.

Keywords:

antisaccade saccade saccadic suppression superior colliculus

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Gratings were presented at various times relative to saccade onset to map suppression timing.

Main Results:

A robust increase in contrast thresholds (saccadic suppression) was observed around saccade onset for both saccade types.
Suppression was significantly reduced 50ms before saccade onset for anti-saccades compared to pro-saccades.
This difference was not attributable to saccade kinematics like amplitude or velocity.

Conclusions:

The temporal characteristics of saccadic suppression are influenced by the type of saccade being prepared.
Findings support the role of active motor preparatory signals in initiating perceptual suppression.
This provides evidence for the corollary discharge hypothesis in modulating visual processing during eye movements.