Mimicking Nature to Achieve Rapid Liquid Absorption of Material

Over billions of years of evolution, numerous organisms in nature have demonstrated exceptional liquid management capabilities through the synergistic optimization of micro- and nanoscale surface structures coupled with complex chemical compositions. These natural phenomena provide abundant inspiration for the design of artificial functional materials. This Review systematically summarizes the research progress in the field of bionic rapid liquid absorption materials, with a focus on elucidating the core design principles underlying these materials. Representative biological cases exhibiting efficient liquid absorption capacities and their corresponding bionic inspirations are categorized and analyzed. Additionally, mainstream bionic fabrication strategies are summarized comprehensively. On the basis of this foundation, the paper further provides a forward-looking perspective on the application potential of these materials in critical areas, alongside an in-depth analysis of the key technological challenges faced and prospective development directions.