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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
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Fasting Biomarkers and Glycated Haemoglobin Identify Children With Excess Weight at Risk of Dysglycaemia and Guide

Emre Sarıkaya1, Fatih Kilci1, Nurhan Özcan Murat1

  • 1Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, Türkiye.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|June 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Fasting biomarkers and HbA1c effectively identify children with excess weight who are at risk for dysglycaemia. These markers provide practical thresholds to guide the necessity of oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) for early intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a significant public health concern.
  • It is strongly linked to insulin resistance and dysglycaemia.
  • Early identification of at-risk children is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate fasting biomarkers and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c).
  • To identify children with excess weight at risk of dysglycaemia.
  • To guide the need for oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT).

Main Methods:

  • A single-centre study of 475 children (aged 5-18 years) with excess weight.
  • Fasting glucose (FG), fasting insulin (FI), HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and HbA1c were assessed.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined optimal cut-offs for predicting dysglycaemia.

Main Results:

  • 81.5% of children had insulin resistance and 18.9% had dysglycaemia.
  • FG, FI, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c were significantly associated with dysglycaemia (p < 0.05).
  • ROC analysis identified specific cut-offs for FG (5.27 mmol/L), HbA1c (39 mmol/mol), and HOMA-IR (4.88).

Conclusions:

  • Fasting biomarkers and HbA1c are valuable tools for risk assessment in children with excess weight.
  • Established thresholds can help clinicians decide on the need for OGTT.
  • This approach supports personalized management of metabolic health in pediatric obesity.
Abstract

Keywords:
childhood obesityfasting glucosefasting insulinhomeostatic model assessment of insulin resistanceoral glucose tolerance test

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