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Postoperative Inflammatory Complications Do Not Increase the Risk of Subsequent Primary Skin Cancer.
Madelyn Schmidt1, Travis S Dowdle2, Richard F Wagner2
1School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
Advances in Skin & Wound Care
|June 23, 2026
Summary
Postoperative inflammatory complications (IC) after skin cancer surgery do not increase the risk of developing new nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC). While a slight increase in squamous cell carcinoma risk was observed, it was not clinically significant and did not exceed benchmarks.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oncology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Subsequent nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) can develop at new sites after initial treatment.
- The impact of postoperative inflammatory complications (IC) on this subsequent risk is not well understood, particularly after Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) or excisions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the 3-year risk of subsequent NMSC in patients who experienced postoperative IC.
- To determine if IC influences the development of new basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC/SCCIS).
Main Methods:
- Utilized the TriNetX Research Network to identify patients with IC within one month of MMS or excision for BCC, SCC, or SCCIS.
- Calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and absolute risk differences (ARDs) for subsequent NMSC.
- Compared calculated risks against established 3-year benchmarks (44% for BCC, 18% for SCC/SCCIS).
Main Results:
- A statistically significant but not clinically significant increase in SCC/SCCIS risk was observed in patients with IC (HR: 1.08, ARD: 2.43%).
- This observed risk for SCC/SCCIS did not surpass the 18% benchmark.
- Interestingly, IC appeared protective against BCC development (HR: 0.93, ARD: -1.68%).
Conclusions:
- Postoperative inflammatory complications do not appear to elevate the 3-year risk of developing subsequent NMSC.
- The findings suggest that ICs may not be a significant risk factor for future NMSC development.
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