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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Published on: March 30, 2018

Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Integrating Etiology, Microenvironment, and Genetics Into Clinical

Mamdouh Skafi1, Santino Caserta2, Enrica Antonia Martino2

  • 1Emergency and Internal Medicine Department, Saint Joseph Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestine.

European Journal of Haematology
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) is driven by chronic stimulation and genetic changes. Early-stage EMZL, often infection-related, can be cured with targeted therapies, highlighting a precision approach to indolent lymphomas.

Keywords:
NF‐κB signalingantigen‐driven lymphomagenesisextranodal marginal zone lymphomapathogen‐directed therapyprecision treatment strategies

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) is an indolent B-cell neoplasm driven by chronic antigenic stimulation.
  • Lymphomagenesis involves ectopic lymphoid tissue formation and B-cell activation, often influenced by infectious or autoimmune triggers.
  • Genetic alterations, particularly those affecting NF-κB signaling, contribute to antigen-independent growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the biological underpinnings of EMZL pathogenesis.
  • To outline site-specific clinical presentations and management strategies for EMZL.
  • To highlight the evolving therapeutic landscape and precision-oriented approaches for indolent lymphomas.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on EMZL biology, clinical features, and treatment.
  • Analysis of pathogenetic mechanisms including chronic antigenic stimulation and genetic alterations.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic strategies based on disease site, stage, and biological context.

Main Results:

  • EMZL pathogenesis is characterized by a dual foundation of chronic antigenic stimulation and genetic alterations enabling escape from antigen dependence.
  • Clinical management requires tailoring strategies to specific anatomical sites, disease stage, and biological factors.
  • Localized, infection-driven EMZL can be cured with pathogen-directed therapy or radiotherapy; disseminated disease requires systemic therapies.

Conclusions:

  • EMZL serves as a model for biologically informed, precision-oriented management of indolent lymphoid malignancies.
  • Advances in molecular profiling and imaging are refining risk stratification and treatment selection.
  • Therapeutic goals are shifting towards achieving early depth of response and prioritizing quality of life.