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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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miniMORPH: A Morphometry Pipeline for Low-Field MRI in Infants.

Chiara Casella1,2, Aksel Leknes3, Niall J Bourke4

  • 1Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.

Human Brain Mapping
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces miniMORPH, an open-source pipeline for infant brain volumetry using ultra-low-field MRI. It enables developmental and group analyses by preserving between-subject variation in brain structure.

Keywords:
automated segmentationbrain volumetrycross‐modality validationinfant brainlow‐ and middle‐income settingstemplate‐based morphometryultra‐low‐field MRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Medical Image Analysis

Background:

  • Ultra-low-field (ULF) MRI offers accessible neuroimaging but faces challenges in infant studies due to low resolution and contrast.
  • Existing brain segmentation tools are often unsuitable for ULF infant MRI data, limiting volumetric analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate miniMORPH, an open-source pipeline for automated brain volumetry from ULF T2-weighted MRI in infants and toddlers.
  • To assess the accuracy and reliability of miniMORPH in segmenting brain tissues and substructures compared to high-field MRI references.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired ULF MRI scans from infants (2-27 months) across two cohorts (South Africa, Uganda).
  • Utilized age-specific templates and priors for segmenting brain regions.
  • Validated segmentations against expert manual and automated high-field (HF) MRI segmentations, quantifying ordering and scaling differences.

Main Results:

  • miniMORPH generated plausible brain segmentations across infancy, preserving between-subject ordering in most regions.
  • Performance varied by cohort and age, with stronger correspondence in South Africa than Uganda at 12 months.
  • Identified systematic scaling offsets in CSF-rich regions and captured age-related growth trajectories and sex- and birthweight-dependent volumetric differences.

Conclusions:

  • miniMORPH enables volumetric analysis of ULF infant MRI, preserving variation crucial for developmental and group studies.
  • Calibration may be needed for absolute volumes, especially in CSF-rich regions.
  • The pipeline is openly available, promoting wider use in infant neuroimaging research.