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Sexual dysfunction is underrecognized in patients with migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ozan Dörtkol1, Arife Çimen Atalar1, Özgün Yetkin2,3
1Department of Neurology, Istanbul Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Headache
|June 23, 2026
Summary
Sexual dysfunction (SD) is common in migraine patients of both sexes. Migraine patients have a significantly higher risk of SD, but more research is needed for men.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sexual Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Sexual dysfunction (SD) is frequently observed in migraine patients.
- Existing data on SD in migraine is scattered and predominantly focuses on women.
- A comprehensive analysis across both sexes is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and pool observational data on sexual dysfunction (SD) in migraine patients.
- To investigate sex-specific associations between migraine and SD.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
- Searches conducted across major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar) from July 1987 to July 2025.
- Included 21 studies with 1692 migraine patients and 741 controls; 9 studies underwent quantitative analysis.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of SD ranged from 41.8% to 91.0% in women and 46.6% to 80.0% in men with migraine.
- Migraine patients had a higher likelihood of SD (OR, 6.13).
- Women with migraine showed over threefold increased odds of SD (OR, 3.65); limited data for men indicated much higher rates (OR, 164.85).
Conclusions:
- Sexual dysfunction is prevalent in both male and female migraine patients.
- Pooled data confirm an elevated risk of SD in women with migraine, but evidence for men is limited.
- Routine assessment of sexual health is crucial in migraine care, necessitating sex-inclusive research.
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