Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Alternative splicing serves as a molecular strategy for saliva evolution and diversification in an endoparasitoid, Pteromalus puparum.

BMC genomics·2026
Same author

Disguised Within: Ectopic Intrathyroidal Parathyroid - A Case Report.

Case reports in oncology·2026
Same author

Multi-omics analyses link dysregulated immune hemostasis to decreased endometrial MMP protein in recurrent pregnancy loss.

Biology of reproduction·2026
Same author

Psychological Distress Profiles in Women With Recurrent Pregnancy Loss During Subsequent Early Pregnancy and Their Association With Sleep Characteristics: A Latent Profile Analysis.

Journal of clinical psychology·2026
Same author

RhoGAP54D promotes cell size asymmetry and inhibits pulsatile myosin activity in Drosophila neural stem cells.

Current biology : CB·2026
Same author

Protective effects of seminal exosomes on cryopreserved sperm via inhibiting oxidative damage.

Cryobiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Human Blastocyst Biopsy and Vitrification
10:59

Human Blastocyst Biopsy and Vitrification

Published on: July 26, 2019

Late-Stage Vacuolization as a Compaction-Dependent Prognostic Marker for Day-4 Embryo Selection.

Yasong Geng1, Aixin Yang2, Fangfang Dai1

  • 1Xingtai Meihe Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, Xingtai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Xingtai, China.

Reproduction & Fertility
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Late-stage vacuolization in Day 4 embryos has a dual prognostic role. It harms compacted embryos but benefits non-compacted ones, improving IVF embryo selection.

Keywords:
Blastocyst formationCompactionFalse-compactionImplantation rateLate vacuolization

More Related Videos

Morphometric Protocol for the Objective Assessment of Blastocyst Behavior During Vitrification and Warming Steps
08:28

Morphometric Protocol for the Objective Assessment of Blastocyst Behavior During Vitrification and Warming Steps

Published on: February 28, 2019

Modified MicroSecure Vitrification: A Safe, Simple and Highly Effective Cryopreservation Procedure for Human Blastocysts
09:35

Modified MicroSecure Vitrification: A Safe, Simple and Highly Effective Cryopreservation Procedure for Human Blastocysts

Published on: March 2, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Human Blastocyst Biopsy and Vitrification
10:59

Human Blastocyst Biopsy and Vitrification

Published on: July 26, 2019

Morphometric Protocol for the Objective Assessment of Blastocyst Behavior During Vitrification and Warming Steps
08:28

Morphometric Protocol for the Objective Assessment of Blastocyst Behavior During Vitrification and Warming Steps

Published on: February 28, 2019

Modified MicroSecure Vitrification: A Safe, Simple and Highly Effective Cryopreservation Procedure for Human Blastocysts
09:35

Modified MicroSecure Vitrification: A Safe, Simple and Highly Effective Cryopreservation Procedure for Human Blastocysts

Published on: March 2, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Embryology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

Background:

  • Assessing Day 4 embryo quality is crucial for IVF success.
  • Late-stage vacuolization is a morphological feature observed in developing embryos.
  • Compaction status is a key indicator of early embryonic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognostic value of late-stage vacuolization in Day 4 embryos.
  • To determine the relationship between vacuolization, compaction status, and blastocyst formation.
  • To explore the potential of integrating vacuolization into embryo grading systems.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 9,779 embryos from 2,409 patients undergoing fresh Day 4 transfers.
  • Stratification of embryos by compaction status (full, part, non-compaction) and assessment of vacuolization.
  • Evaluation of predictive performance for blastocyst formation using ROC curves and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Late-stage vacuolization correlated with advanced maternal/paternal age, increased gonadotropin dosage, and lower AMH/estradiol.
  • In the non-compacted subgroup, vacuolization significantly increased transferable (OR=3.34) and high-quality blastocyst rates (OR=2.51).
  • Conversely, vacuolization decreased high-quality blastocyst formation in the fully compacted subgroup (OR=0.37) and had no significant effect on transferable blastocysts.

Conclusions:

  • Late-stage vacuolization is a compaction-dependent prognostic marker in Day 4 embryos.
  • Vacuolization is detrimental in compacted embryos but potentially beneficial in non-compacted ones.
  • Context-specific integration of vacuolization into Day 4 embryo grading systems is recommended.