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Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...

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Objectively Assessing Sports Concussion Utilizing Visual Evoked Potentials
12:11

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Published on: April 27, 2021

Prevalence of Concussion in the Admitted Trauma Patients Using Systematic Screening.

Kimberly Broughton-Miller1, Kelly Goshorn, Jennifer Fox

  • 1Author Affiliations: UofL Health, Louisville, Kentucky.

Journal of Trauma Nursing : the Official Journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses
|June 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Systematic screening identified a high prevalence of concussion in trauma patients, a group often overlooked in research. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing long-term effects.

Keywords:
Brain injuryCognitive deficitCognitive impairmentConcussionConcussion screeningHead traumaMild head injuryMild traumatic brain injuryMinor head trauma

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma care
  • Neurology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Concussion research predominantly focuses on sports and military injuries.
  • Emergency department diagnoses reveal most concussions stem from other trauma types.
  • A significant gap exists in understanding concussion prevalence within admitted trauma patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of concussion in admitted trauma patients via systematic screening.
  • To evaluate associated symptoms, screening tool efficacy, and cognitive impairments in this demographic.
  • To address the underdiagnosis of concussions in non-sports/military trauma.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at a Level I Trauma Center.
  • Systematic screening using the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) was performed within 48 hours of admission.
  • Cognistat evaluations assessed cognitive deficits, supplemented by amnesia-specific questions.

Main Results:

  • Of 285 eligible trauma patients (mean age 46.5, 64.6% male), 122 (42.8%) were diagnosed with concussion using SAC.
  • Cognistat testing revealed moderate to severe cognitive deficits in 54 patients (44.2%).
  • The median Injury Severity Score was 16.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic screening effectively identifies underappreciated concussion diagnoses in trauma patients.
  • Early identification of concussion is vital for prompt management and mitigating potential long-term adverse outcomes.
  • This highlights the importance of broadening concussion screening beyond traditional contexts.