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The Burden of Cardiovascular Disease in Lymphoma Survivors: A Population-Based Matched Cohort Study

Christopher Yu1, Yue Chen2, Gazelle Halajha3

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Ted Rogers Program in Cardiotoxicity Prevention, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

JACC. Advances
|June 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Lymphoma survivors have a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to cancer-free individuals. This increased CVD risk persists long-term and widens over time, necessitating ongoing cardiac surveillance.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major concern for lymphoma survivors, but current data on their long-term CVD risk are limited.
  • Understanding contemporary CVD incidence in this population is crucial for effective survivorship care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the hazard and absolute incidence of CVD in lymphoma survivors compared to cancer-free controls.
  • To evaluate changes in CVD risk over time among lymphoma survivors.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based matched cohort study involving 36,334 adult lymphoma survivors and cancer-free controls in Ontario, Canada (2007-2018).
  • Follow-up until March 2024, with CVD hospitalization as the primary outcome.
  • Cause-specific hazard models and cumulative incidence functions were used, analyzing temporal risk changes across different calendar periods.

Main Results:

  • Lymphoma survivors had an average adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.58 for CVD hospitalization compared to controls, similar to hypertension risk.
  • The elevated CVD risk persisted for at least 10 years post-diagnosis.
  • The absolute CVD risk difference at 5 years doubled between 2007-2010 and 2015-2018, indicating a widening gap.

Conclusions:

  • Lymphoma survivors experience persistently increased CVD incidence, with a growing absolute risk difference over time.
  • These findings support current cardio-oncology guidelines for early and continuous cardiovascular monitoring in lymphoma survivors.
Abstract

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationcardio-oncologycardiovascular outcomesheart failurelymphoma

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