[Clinical problems in Medical Mycology: Problem number 58]

We hereby present the case of a 53-year-old HIV-positive man who had poor adherence to antiretroviral treatment for 15 years. He was referred to the hospital due to weight loss, skin lesions suggestive of Kaposi's sarcoma, poor general health, and confusion. After a lumbar puncture, treatment for meningeal tuberculosis was initiated on an empirical basis. A few days later he developed fever and, due to several risk factors, fungemia was suspected. After the fungus was isolated in blood culture, special tests were performed for definitive identification. Despite treatment, the patient died of fungemia due to a non-Candida yeast-like fungus, which has a high mortality rate in this patient group.