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10:03

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Published on: January 28, 2020

Residual inflammatory risk after percutaneous coronary intervention: current insights and future perspectives

Tomoya Hara1, Masataka Sata2

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, 770-8503, Tokushima, Japan. hara.tomoya.2@tokushima-u.ac.jp.

Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics
|June 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Persistent vascular inflammation drives recurrent cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Targeting this inflammation offers a promising strategy for reducing residual cardiovascular risk in patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Inflammation Research
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Recurrent cardiovascular events persist despite advances in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and secondary prevention.
  • Persistent vascular inflammation is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to residual cardiovascular risk, even with optimal lipid-lowering therapy.
  • Inflammatory biomarkers, plaque vulnerability, and intracoronary imaging are crucial for predicting outcomes post-PCI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms underlying residual inflammatory risk after PCI.
  • To discuss methods for assessing this inflammatory risk.
  • To explore potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies for residual risk reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on vascular inflammation and cardiovascular outcomes post-PCI.
  • Analysis of the role of inflammatory biomarkers and imaging in risk stratification.
  • Synthesis of evidence on anti-inflammatory therapies for residual risk.

Main Results:

  • Persistent vascular inflammation is a significant driver of adverse cardiovascular outcomes following PCI.
  • Biomarkers and imaging modalities effectively identify patients at higher inflammatory risk.
  • Anti-inflammatory strategies show promise in mitigating residual cardiovascular risk.

Conclusions:

  • Residual inflammatory risk is a critical challenge after PCI.
  • Comprehensive assessment of inflammation is essential for personalized risk management.
  • Targeting inflammation represents a promising therapeutic avenue for improving long-term outcomes in patients undergoing PCI.

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisCoronary artery diseasePercutaneous coronary interventionResidual inflammatory riskVascular inflammation

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