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Circadian Rhythm Stabilization App to Prevent Mood Episode Recurrence in Patients With Mood Disorders: A Multicenter,
Ji Won Yeom1,2, Jaegwon Jeong1,2, Eunsoo Moon3
1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul.
The American Journal of Psychiatry
|June 24, 2026
Summary
The Circadian Rhythm for Mood (CRM) app significantly reduced mood episode recurrence in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) patients. This digital chronotherapy shows promise for improving clinical outcomes in these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- Chronobiology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Preventing mood episode recurrence is crucial for managing major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD).
- Smartphone applications offer a novel approach to deliver personalized interventions for mental health conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the Circadian Rhythm for Mood (CRM) smartphone app in preventing mood episode recurrence in adults with MDD or BD.
- To compare the recurrence rates between patients using the active CRM app and those using a sham app.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial involving 93 adults with MDD or BD.
- Participants were assigned to either the active CRM group (N=47) or a sham app group (N=46) for 12 months.
- The CRM app provided individualized circadian rhythm feedback using passive sensor data and machine learning.
Main Results:
- In the modified intention-to-treat sample (N=80), the active CRM group showed a significantly lower recurrence rate compared to the sham group (incidence rate ratio=3.39).
- Cumulative recurrent episode-days per person-year were significantly greater in the sham group (duration rate ratio=2.76).
- Time to recurrence was significantly shorter in the active CRM group (hazard ratio=3.03), with no significant adverse effects observed.
Conclusions:
- The CRM app, a digital chronotherapeutic intervention, significantly reduced mood episode recurrence and improved the clinical course for patients with MDD and BD.
- CRM demonstrates potential as an innovative and scalable adjunct to standard care for mood disorder management.
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