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Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
04:23

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles (BEVs) Derived from Chryseobacterium Inhibit Dengue Virus Infection by Disrupting

Yaqi Gao1, Lijian Zhang1, Tianci Zhang1,2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) from Chryseobacterium aquifrigidense M24 disintegrate dengue virus (DENV) particles before cell entry. This novel

Keywords:
Chryseobacteriumantiviral mechanismbacterial extracellular vesiclesdengue virusenveloped virus

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Visualizing Dengue Virus through Alexa Fluor Labeling
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Published on: July 9, 2011

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
04:23

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

Visualizing Dengue Virus through Alexa Fluor Labeling
09:11

Visualizing Dengue Virus through Alexa Fluor Labeling

Published on: July 9, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Dengue virus (DENV) presents a major global health challenge, with limited control options due to mosquito control difficulties and antibody-dependent enhancement.
  • Existing antiviral strategies often face limitations in efficacy and scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-DENV activity of bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) from Chryseobacterium aquifrigidense M24.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which BEVs inhibit DENV infection.
  • To explore the potential of BEVs as broad-spectrum antiviral agents.

Main Methods:

  • Dose-dependent assessment of BEV anti-DENV activity.
  • Mechanistic studies involving viral envelope interaction, membrane fluidity analysis (iodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation), and E protein oligomerization.
  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for morphological analysis.
  • Testing BEV efficacy against non-enveloped Enterovirus 71 and other enveloped viruses (HCV, WNV, YFV).

Main Results:

  • BEVs from Chryseobacterium aquifrigidense M24 demonstrated potent, dose-dependent inactivation of DENV particles.
  • BEVs induced structural disintegration of DENV by triggering premature membrane fusion, characterized by reduced membrane fluidity and lipid rearrangement.
  • This mechanism led to increased particle density and aberrant E protein oligomerization, confirmed by TEM.
  • BEV activity was specific to enveloped viruses, showing no effect on non-enveloped viruses but demonstrating broad-spectrum potential against HCV, WNV, and YFV.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) possess a novel virucidal function, acting as 'virus-destructors'.
  • The 'fusion-triggered structural disruption' mechanism offers a new strategy against enveloped viruses.
  • BEVs represent a promising platform for developing broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics.