3D-Printed Sinus Lift Training Models as an Educational Tool for Dental Students

Area of Science:

• Dental Education
• Biomedical Engineering
• Surgical Simulation

Background:

• Traditional dental training models (typodonts) have limitations in simulating complex procedures.
• Sinus lift procedures require specialized training for dental students.
• Advancements in 3D printing offer potential for creating realistic and reproducible anatomical models.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the efficacy of 3D-printed maxillary models for training dental students in sinus lift techniques.
• To evaluate the cost-effectiveness and suitability of 3D-printed models compared to conventional training methods.

Main Methods:

• A 3D-printed maxillary sinus lift model was developed using CAD/CAM technology.
• Thirty-one dental students evaluated the model and two sinus lift techniques (rotary instruments vs. piezosurgery).
• Student experiences were assessed via questionnaire, with statistical analysis using Wilcoxon rank sum tests.

Main Results:

• The 3D-printed model facilitated an easy-to-understand and perform sinus lift procedure.
• Students rated the two tested sinus lift techniques (rotary instruments and piezosurgery) equally.
• The gingiva mask component of the 3D-printed model received criticism.

Conclusions:

• 3D-printed maxillary models serve as a reproducible and valuable alternative to traditional typodonts for sinus lift training.
• The models demonstrate positive structural realism and educational utility for curriculum-based sinus lift procedures.
• Further refinement of soft tissue simulation is recommended to improve the fidelity of 3D-printed models.