Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors Among Healthcare Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major occupational hazard among healthcare workers (HCWs), particularly in resource-limited settings where vaccination coverage remains low. This study aimed to assess hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among healthcare workers.

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 20 to November 3, 2025, among 448 healthcare workers. Participants were selected using a census sampling method. Data were collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with vaccination status. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05.

Only 170 (37.9%) participants were fully vaccinated against HBV. Good knowledge and favorable attitude were observed in 68.4% participants who responded appropriately for at least 70% of knowledge related questions and 79.9% of participants who responded appropriately for at least 70% of attitude related questions. Factors significantly associated with vaccination included infection prevention training (AOR = 8.44; 95% CI: 2.00-12.65), good knowledge of HBV infection (AOR = 2.29; 95% CI: 1.60-3.11), knowledge of HBV vaccination (AOR = 4.29; 95% CI: 1.40-13.14), and favorable attitude (AOR = 3.62; 95% CI: 1.89-4.14).

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage among HCWs was low. Strengthening institutional vaccination programs, improving access to free vaccines, and enhancing infection prevention training are essential to improve coverage.