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Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice
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Neonatal hypoxia: impacts on the developing mind and brain.

Nafiseh Shabani1, Alice Mado Proverbio1,2

  • 1Cognitive Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Psychology of University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.

Frontiers in Cognition
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) causes lasting brain damage, affecting cognition, behavior, and increasing risks for developmental disorders. Minimizing neonatal hypoxia is crucial for better neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Keywords:
brainhypoxiainfantmental processneonatalneural development

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Published on: November 20, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) is a severe condition impacting brain development.
  • NHIE results from oxygen deprivation during birth, leading to significant neurological deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the short- and long-term cognitive, emotional, and neurofunctional effects of NHIE.
  • To highlight the structural brain changes and associated neurodevelopmental outcomes following NHIE.

Main Methods:

  • This mini-review synthesizes existing literature on NHIE.
  • It examines structural, cognitive, behavioral, and psychopathological outcomes.

Main Results:

  • NHIE is associated with structural brain abnormalities, including white matter damage and lesions in the basal ganglia, hippocampus, and corpus callosum.
  • Long-term consequences include cognitive, memory, and motor impairments, with increased risks for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  • Prevalent behavioral issues include anxiety, depression, and mood instability.

Conclusions:

  • NHIE has profound and multifaceted impacts on neurodevelopmental and behavioral health.
  • Developing strategies to prevent or reduce neonatal hypoxic states is essential for improving infant outcomes.