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The online focus group technique for validating a theoretical model: an experience report.

Tatiane Cunha Florentino¹, Mayckel da Silva Barreto², Handerson Silva Santos¹

¹Universidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem

|June 24, 2026

Summary

Online Focus Groups effectively validated a theoretical model in nursing research. This method offered cost savings and broad participation, aiding model refinement.

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Area of Science:

Nursing Research
Qualitative Methodology

Background:

Theoretical models are crucial in nursing.
Grounded Theory is a method for developing such models.
Validating these models requires robust techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the Online Focus Group (OFG) technique for theoretical model validation.
To report experiences using OFGs in a Grounded Theory context.

Main Methods:

Conducted three virtual, synchronous focus groups from September to October 2023.
Involved participant recruitment, group facilitation, and recorded data analysis.
Utilized the Online Focus Group technique for model validation.

Main Results:

Nine nurses and six nursing technicians participated.
Participant feedback on agreements and disagreements led to model diagram reformulation.
The OFG technique facilitated theoretical model refinement.

Conclusions:

Online Focus Groups are suitable for validating theoretical models from documentary research.
Advantages include cost-effectiveness, geographical accessibility, and meeting recording.
OFGs provide a viable alternative for model validation in nursing.