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A Command-Integrated Mass-Casualty Mental Health Intervention.

Avia Gaon1, Reut Cohen1, Moti Pikelner1

  • 1Mental Health Unit, Israeli Defense Force Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel.

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A command-integrated mental health response effectively supported military trainees after a mass-casualty event, preserving operational continuity. This intervention minimized functional attrition, demonstrating its value in high-risk settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Military mental health
  • Trauma psychology
  • Operational psychology

Background:

  • Mass-casualty incidents in military settings can cause significant psychological distress and impair functioning.
  • Early mental health interventions are crucial for reducing distress and maintaining operational continuity.
  • A fatal unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) strike on a military training base necessitated a rapid mental health response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a command-integrated mental health response following a wartime mass-casualty event.
  • To outline the intervention framework, implementation process, and short-term functional outcomes.
  • To assess the feasibility and impact of embedded mental health care on personnel functioning.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical-operational after-action report detailing a real-time mental health response to a UAV strike.
  • Intervention guided by Proximity, Immediacy, and Expectancy (PIE) principles, integrating Psychological First Aid and trauma-focused care.
  • Utilized a descriptive operational framework (MAP-LEAD) and routine military documentation for outcome assessment.

Main Results:

  • Over 1,180 personnel received structured group interventions, and 167 individual trauma-focused sessions were conducted.
  • An on-site clinic provided focused care to 25 personnel, with 27 referred for specialty services.
  • Achieved a functional attrition rate of less than 1% among exposed soldiers, highlighting successful functional preservation.

Conclusions:

  • Rapidly deployed, command-integrated mental health responses are feasible and effective following rear-area mass-casualty events.
  • Embedding mental health care within operational frameworks supports functional preservation and organizational stability.
  • Further research is needed to evaluate command-integrated interventions and functional triage in high-risk settings.