Exploring Racial Disparities in Uterine Cancer Survival: A 20-Year, Single-Site Analysis

To assess differences in risk factors for uterine cancer (UC) mortality, differences in five-year overall survival across clinical and demographic characteristics, and independent predictors of mortality among Black and White patients.

Patients treated between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2022, at a specialized urban cancer center in the northeastern United States.

This study used a retrospective analysis of data from an internal registry. Differences in overall survival across age, race, education, area income, stage, grade, and histology were compared using Kaplan-Meier curves. Survival was compared across characteristics using pairwise log-rank tests, followed by a Cox proportional hazards regression model to identify predictors of mortality.

Among 4,891 patients, 262 self-identified as African American or Black. Compared to non-Hispanic White patients, Black patients were more likely to experience risk factors for UC mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves suggested reduced survival in patients with fewer resources. In the adjusted model, older age, advanced disease, higher tumor grade, and not having graduated from high school were associated with a greater likelihood of mortality.

Socioeconomic factors may contribute to racial disparities in UC survival. Earlier diagnosis and enhanced patient support may address modifiable risk factors for UC mortality.