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Role of microRNA-451a in molecular pathology of cancer

Meysam Moghbeli1

  • 1Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Cancer Treatment and Research Communications
|June 24, 2026
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), specifically miR-451a, act as tumor suppressors by targeting oncogenes, inhibiting cancer growth and metastasis. Low miR-451a levels indicate poor prognosis, making it a promising biomarker and therapeutic target.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression.
  • Aberrant miRNA expression is linked to cancer initiation and metastasis.
  • miR-451a, located on a frequently deleted chromosomal region, is often downregulated in cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the molecular mechanisms of miR-451a in cancer.
  • To assess the clinical utility of miR-451a as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of restoring miR-451a function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miR-451a in various cancers.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms involving miR-451a targeting oncogenes.
  • Evaluation of clinical data correlating miR-451a levels with patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • miR-451a functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting proliferation and invasion, and promoting apoptosis.
  • Downregulation of miR-451a is associated with advanced cancer stages and poor prognosis.
  • miR-451a enhances sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • miR-451a is a critical tumor suppressor with significant diagnostic and prognostic value in cancer.
  • Restoring miR-451a function holds promise for overcoming drug resistance and metastasis.
  • Further research into miR-451a-based therapies is warranted for clinical application.
Keywords:
CancerDiagnosisMarkerMicroRNA-451aPrognosis

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