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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Dynamic Imaging of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells with [18F]Tetrafluoroborate Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography
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Dynamic Imaging of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells with [18F]Tetrafluoroborate Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography

Published on: February 17, 2022

Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cells Fate after Infusion: Cellular Kinetics and Molecular Monitoring.

Luisa Anelli1, Cosimo Cumbo1, Angela Minervini2

  • 1Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy shows promise for blood cancers but has variable efficacy and risks. Molecular monitoring is crucial to manage toxicities and potential adverse events like secondary cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Immunotherapy
  • Gene Therapy
  • Hematologic Oncology

Background:

  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy genetically modifies T lymphocytes to target specific antigens.
  • CAR-T therapy has demonstrated success in treating relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies, with six FDA-approved products.
  • Despite efficacy, CAR-T therapy is associated with significant toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome and neurological toxicity, limiting its use to advanced-stage patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and safety of CAR-T cell therapy.
  • To highlight factors influencing CAR-T cell therapy outcomes.
  • To focus on molecular monitoring and potential adverse events post-infusion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CAR-T cell therapy.
Keywords:
CAR-T cellsClonal expansionDigital PCRKineticsMolecular monitoringVector insertion

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

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Published on: February 17, 2022

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  • Analysis of factors affecting CAR-T cell efficacy and toxicity.
  • Discussion of molecular monitoring strategies and safety concerns.

    • Main Results:

    • CAR-T cell therapy efficacy is variable, with relapse rates of 30-50% observed.
    • Factors influencing outcomes include CAR construct, manufacturing, infusion parameters, T-cell quality, and tumor burden.
    • Potential uncontrolled events include insertional mutagenesis, clonal T-cell expansion, and secondary T-cell lymphomas.

    Conclusions:

    • CAR-T cell therapy requires careful patient selection due to associated toxicities and variable efficacy.
    • Molecular monitoring is essential for managing CAR-T cell therapy and detecting adverse events.
    • Further research is needed to optimize CAR-T cell therapy and mitigate risks for improved patient outcomes.