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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
Dysrhythmias I: Introduction01:15

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Multipolar Catheter and 3-dimensional Mapping System for High-density Electro-anatomical Reconstruction
06:57

Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Multipolar Catheter and 3-dimensional Mapping System for High-density Electro-anatomical Reconstruction

Published on: January 31, 2019

Premature ventricular complexes.

Reuben Yap1, Delia Calian2, Matthew Wright2

  • 1St George's University Hospital, Blackshaw Road, London, SW17 0QT, United Kingdom.

Clinical Medicine (London, England)
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), early heartbeats, are common and can cause symptoms or heart problems. Investigating underlying heart disease and considering management options like medication or ablation is crucial for relevant cases.

Keywords:
AntiarrhythmicArrhythmiasEctopicPremature ventricular complexesVentricular ectopic ablation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are frequent, originating from ectopic foci within the ventricle.
  • While often asymptomatic, PVCs can manifest symptoms or lead to complications like cardiomyopathy or ventricular arrhythmias.
  • Identifying underlying structural heart disease is vital for managing clinically significant PVCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the definition, presentation, and clinical relevance of PVCs.
  • To outline diagnostic investigations for patients with PVCs.
  • To discuss management strategies and treatment options for PVCs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of premature ventricular complexes.
  • Synthesis of current evidence on PVC diagnosis and management.
  • Discussion of treatment modalities including conservative management, medical therapy, and catheter ablation.

Main Results:

  • PVCs are common and can be associated with significant cardiac conditions.
  • Diagnostic workup should focus on identifying structural heart disease and assessing PVC burden.
  • Treatment decisions are guided by symptom severity, PVC burden, and presence of left ventricular dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of PVCs requires a comprehensive approach, including risk stratification and tailored treatment.
  • Early identification of structural heart disease and appropriate intervention can prevent adverse outcomes.
  • Therapeutic options range from watchful waiting to advanced interventions like catheter ablation.