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CHIP In cardiovascular and immune ageing
Harish C Chandramoorthy1, Muhammad Afzal2, Haider Ali3
1Department of Microbiology & Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Stem Cell Research Lab, Medical and Biological Sciences Unit, Central Core Research Laboratories, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Ageing Research Reviews
|June 24, 2026
Summary
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is linked to aging and increased cardiovascular risk. Larger clone sizes amplify this risk, highlighting CHIP as a key factor in age-related diseases.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Genetics
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) involves blood cell clone proliferation with driver mutations (e.g., DNMT3A, TET2) without malignancy.
- CHIP incidence increases with age and is associated with cardiovascular and immune system aging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical utility of CHIP.
- To discuss the association of CHIP with cardiovascular aging, inflammaging, and somatic mosaicism.
Main Methods:
- Review of prospective cohort studies and experimental evidence.
- Analysis of genetic drivers, clone size (VAF), and associated molecular pathways (e.g., NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-6).
Main Results:
- CHIP significantly elevates risks for myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure (1.4-2.0-fold increase).
- Larger clone size (VAF) correlates with higher risk.
- Proinflammatory myeloid reprogramming and endothelial dysfunction are linked to CHIP-associated gene mutations.
Conclusions:
- CHIP is a significant factor in age-related cardiovascular and immune dysfunction.
- Further genotype- and VAF-stratified trials are needed to clarify causation and optimize treatment strategies for CHIP.
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