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Tuneable Pickering emulsions stabilised by bacterial cellulose.

Thabisile Brightwell Jele1, Lucas Rosson1, Alessandra Sutti1

  • 1Deakin Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial cellulose (BC) effectively stabilizes oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions. Modified BC fibers offer tuneable properties, showing potential as a sustainable alternative to conventional surfactants in Pickering emulsion systems.

Keywords:
Bacterial celluloseBiopolymerFibrePickering emulsion

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Colloid and Surface Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a pure, sustainable nanocellulose alternative.
  • Conventional surfactants raise environmental and health concerns.
  • BC's properties offer potential for eco-friendly emulsion stabilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare short (C6) and long chain (C12) acyl chloride modification of BC.
  • To investigate tuneable surface wettability for emulsion stabilization.
  • To evaluate BC as an emulsifier for Pickering emulsions.

Main Methods:

  • Surface modification of dried BC with acyl chlorides (C6, C12) at varying reaction times.
  • Characterization of BC fiber wettability.
  • Preparation and evaluation of oil-in-water (o/w) and water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions using modified BC.
  • Analysis of emulsion properties (droplet size, stability, rheology) under various conditions.

Main Results:

  • Modified BC fibers demonstrated tuneable wettability.
  • BC effectively stabilized both o/w and w/o emulsions.
  • Optimal stabilization of eucalyptus oil w/o emulsions achieved at 1% BC concentration.
  • Specific droplet sizes achieved with C6 and C12 modified fibers were 5.6 μm and 3.8 μm, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • BC exhibits dual emulsion capability for Pickering systems.
  • Surface modification allows control over BC's emulsifying properties.
  • BC presents a promising sustainable and biocompatible alternative to traditional surfactants.