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Lead-Free Cs₃Bi₂I₉ Microplates/P3HT Heterojunction for Low-Power Artificial Optoelectronic Synapse.

Pengbin Gui¹, Yapeng Zhang¹, Liang Guan¹

¹Industry-Education-Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology for Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

|June 24, 2026

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Researchers developed an eco-friendly artificial optoelectronic synapse using Cs3Bi2I9/P3HT. This device mimics brain synapses, showing low power consumption and multi-wavelength perception for advanced neuromorphic vision systems.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Neuroscience
Electronics

Background:

Traditional von Neumann architecture faces limitations.
Neuromorphic devices inspired by the human brain offer potential solutions.
Artificial synapses are key components for signal conversion in neuromorphic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate an eco-friendly and stable optoelectronic synaptic device.
To explore the potential of Cs3Bi2I9/poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) heterojunctions for neuromorphic applications.
To achieve low power consumption and multi-wavelength response in artificial synapses.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a Cs3Bi2I9 microplate/poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) heterojunction (CPH) device.
Characterization of synaptic behaviors under optical stimulation, including excitatory postsynaptic current and paired-pulse facilitation.

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Evaluation of power consumption and multi-wavelength response capabilities.

Main Results:

The CPH device exhibited typical synaptic behaviors, including excitatory postsynaptic current and paired-pulse facilitation (max index ~190%).
Controllable transition from short-term to long-term memory was observed.
The device achieved low power consumption (<90 fJ per synaptic event) and demonstrated multi-wavelength response for dual-wavelength perception and preprocessing.

Conclusions:

The CPH heterojunction serves as a sustainable and high-performance optoelectronic synaptic device.
This work offers an environmentally benign alternative for synaptic hardware in neuromorphic vision systems.
The developed device paves the way for advanced, brain-inspired computing technologies.