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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
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Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

Published on: May 28, 2014

Metal-Induced "Line-Plane-Helix" Mononuclear Platinum(II) Complexes: Stereochemical Configuration Control,

Qingping Yang1, Bao Zhang1, Bo Tu1

  • 1College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.

Inorganic Chemistry
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed chiral square-planar platinum(II) complexes with tunable stereochemistry. These complexes exhibit aggregation-induced phosphorescence and offer guidance for designing novel chiral-at-metal molecules.

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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

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Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Photophysics

Background:

  • Square-planar platinum(II) complexes are known for phosphorescence but lack metal-induced chirality and suffer from aggregation-caused quenching.
  • Developing chiral metal complexes is crucial for applications in asymmetric catalysis and optoelectronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize mononuclear platinum(II) complexes with tunable stereochemistry and aggregation-induced phosphorescence.
  • To establish a correlation between stereochemical configuration, chirality stability, and photophysical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of mononuclear platinum(II) complexes with Schiff base and 2-phenylpyridine ligands.
  • Ligand steric hindrance tuning for stereochemical control (planar-to-helix transformation).
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) resolution, circular dichroism (CD), and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Achieved precise stereochemical control, inducing axial, planar, and helical chirality.
  • Racemization barriers ranged from 4.0 to 40.8 kcal/mol, influenced by steric effects.
  • Exhibited aggregation-induced phosphorescence with quantum yields up to 41.2%.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated successful synthesis and resolution of chiral platinum(II) complexes with tunable chirality.
  • Established a comprehensive correlation between stereochemical configuration and chirality stability.
  • Provided definitive guidance for designing chiral-at-metal molecules with desirable photophysical properties.