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Self-care needs of patients with coronary heart disease in Islamabad, Pakistan: cohort study protocol

Gideon Victor1, Erika Sivarajan Froelicher2,3, Ercole Vellone4,5

  • 1Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

BMJ Public Health
|June 25, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This study investigates self-care needs and their impact on outcomes for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Understanding these factors can improve patient management and reduce hospital readmissions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major global cause of death, with increasing prevalence due to various risk factors.
  • Despite medical advancements, enhancing patient outcomes in CHD management remains a significant challenge.
  • Self-care practices are recognized as crucial for improving health outcomes in patients with chronic conditions like CHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a longitudinal cohort protocol designed to investigate the self-care needs of patients with CHD.
  • To identify determinants of self-care, including personal, problem-related, and environmental factors.
  • To examine the relationship between self-care practices and key patient outcomes such as hospital readmissions and emergency visits.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective longitudinal cohort study design will be employed.
  • 354 patients with confirmed CHD will be recruited from a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad.
  • Data on self-care, self-efficacy, anxiety, depression, comorbidities, and demographic factors will be collected at baseline and 3-month follow-up using validated instruments. Logistic regression will analyze self-care predictors of outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The study protocol is established for data collection and analysis.
  • Key self-care needs, determinants, and their impact on CHD patient outcomes will be quantified.
  • Predictors of hospital readmissions, emergency department visits, and unscheduled clinic visits will be identified.

Conclusions:

  • This research protocol provides a framework for understanding self-care in CHD patients.
  • Findings are expected to inform interventions aimed at improving patient self-management and clinical outcomes.
  • The study will contribute valuable data on self-care determinants and their association with healthcare utilization in CHD populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
Age FactorsCardiovascular DiseasesComorbidityDepression

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