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Bilateral Nonneoplastic Heterotopic Submandibular Glands Discovered Postmortem: A Case Study.

Sydney M McSweeney1, Bryan E Burk1,2, Krista L Denning1,3

  • 1Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia, USA, marshall.edu.

Case Reports in Otolaryngology
|June 25, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reports a rare case of bilateral heterotopic submandibular glands found in a cadaver. These anatomical variations, located in the carotid triangle, highlight the importance of cadaveric dissection in medical education.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Histology
  • Medical Education

Background:

  • Submandibular glands are typically located beneath the mandible.
  • Heterotopic submandibular glands are rare anatomical variations, usually unilateral.
  • Bilateral occurrences are exceptionally uncommon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a rare case of bilateral heterotopic submandibular glands.
  • To detail the anatomical location, vascular supply, innervation, and ductal orientation.
  • To emphasize the educational value of encountering such variations in cadaveric dissection.

Main Methods:

  • Incidental discovery during routine cadaveric dissection for medical education.
  • Detailed anatomical dissection of the heterotopic glands.
  • Histological examination of the glands and adjacent lymph nodes.

Main Results:

  • Bilateral heterotopic submandibular glands were identified in the carotid triangle near the hyoid bone.
  • Glands exhibited typical vascular supply (facial artery), innervation (facial nerve), and venous drainage (facial and jugular veins).
  • Dissection revealed ducts oriented towards the oral cavity; histology showed normal salivary gland and lymph node structure without neoplasia.

Conclusions:

  • This case represents a rare instance of bilateral heterotopic submandibular glands.
  • The findings underscore the significance of anatomical variations in clinical practice and medical training.
  • Cadaveric dissection provides invaluable learning experiences for understanding pathologies and enhancing clinical competency.