Scaling sustainability in businesses with a post-growth orientation: An exploratory empirical study

To avoid negative social and ecological consequences associated with growth-based economics, businesses with a post-growth orientation intentionally forgo scaling for profit maximization and instead seek to scale positive socio-ecological impacts. This study investigates 35 small and medium-sized businesses (33 private and 2 cooperatives) with a post-growth orientation to examine how they strive to scale their positive socio-ecological impact. Our findings reveal four distinct scaling approaches: Enhancement, Expansion, Bridging, and Collaboration. We provide a typology of these four approaches and explain how they can be interlinked to create synergy. Our study shows how private businesses can participate in creating a post-growth economy, thus broadening the scope of previous post-growth research that has focused on other organizational forms such as social enterprises, benefit corporations, and cooperatives.