Multidimensional Unraveling Insights from an Enzyme-Nanozyme Cascade-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Screening...

Area of Science:

• Biomarker quantification
• Neurotoxicity assessment
• Electrochemical sensing

Background:

• Accurate biomarker quantification is vital for neurotoxicity evaluation.
• Traditional methods struggle with rapidly metabolized biomarkers due to single indicators and time constraints.
• Developing rapid, multiplexed detection for easily degradable biomarkers is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design a multiplexed electrochemical sensing array for simultaneous detection of H2O2, acetylcholine (ACh), and glucose (Glu).
• To utilize nanozyme capsules for sensitive and specific biomarker quantification.
• To assess the neurotoxic effects of microplastics (MPs) using the developed sensor.

Main Methods:

• A metal-porphyrin-structured covalent-organic framework embedded with enzymes was used to create nanozyme capsules.
• The nanozyme capsules exhibited peroxidase-like activity and encapsulated enzymes for cascade catalysis.
• Simultaneous detection of H2O2, ACh, and Glu in neuronal lysates was performed within 3 minutes.

Main Results:

• The sensor demonstrated a broad detection range, low detection limits, and strong anti-interference capabilities.
• Rapid quantification of three easily degradable biomarkers was achieved without pretreatment.
• Microplastic-induced neurotoxicity was multidimensionally assessed, showing enhanced effects under hyperglycemia.

Conclusions:

• The developed nanozyme capsule sensor provides an effective tool for determining multiple easily degradable biomarkers.
• This technology offers technical support for assessing the health risks associated with pollutants like microplastics.
• The findings highlight the exacerbating effect of hyperglycemia on MP-induced neurotoxicity.