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Higher prevalence of anti-S and anti-M in South India: A single-center cross-sectional analytical study
P Sriraman1, Dibyajyoti Sahoo1, Abhishekh Basavarajegowda1
1Department of Transfusion Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Introduction:
Alloimmunization, a dreadful complication of blood transfusion, varies between populations and geographical regions. The antibody prevalence of the South Indian population was studied as the data were scarce. Rh-Kell matching is traditionally followed, but other alloantibodies may have higher prevalence because of geographical variation.
Materials And Methods:
It is a retrospective study on alloantibody prevalence in a tertiary care hospital in southern India from April 2021 to March 2023. The frequency, prevalence, and proportion of them are studied.
Results:
Out of 6640 patients, 1128 (16.98%) were Rh D negative. One hundred and thirty-three patients have 155 alloantibodies, among which anti-D is the most common (1.02%), followed by anti-C (0.21%) and S (0.19%), with none having anti-Kell alloantibodies. Here, 1.58% of alloantibodies are formed against Rh and Kell blood group system, whereas 1.94% are against Rh MNS and system.
Conclusion:
Anti-M and anti-S are common alloantibodies prevalent in the southern India population besides Rh. The focus should be given to Rh-MNS-matched blood in our population.
