Bridging genetic knowledge gaps in a biodiversity hotspot through conservation training

Area of Science:

• Molecular Ecology
• Conservation Biology
• Biodiversity Science

Background:

• Mesoamerica's rich biodiversity is under threat from rapid biodiversity loss.
• Significant invertebrate genetic diversity remains undocumented, hindering conservation.
• There is a need to build local scientific capacity for biodiversity research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To reveal hidden invertebrate genetic diversity in Mesoamerica.
• To build local scientific capacity through hands-on molecular training.
• To integrate DNA barcoding into conservation and education.

Main Methods:

• A hands-on molecular course, Panama BioResearch, was conducted.
• Participants collected terrestrial and marine invertebrates from three protected areas.
• DNA barcode sequences were generated and compared with public databases.

Main Results:

• 158 DNA barcode sequences were generated, with two-thirds being new species records.
• Public databases show significant under-representation of Mesoamerican taxa, especially non-iconic species.
• DNA barcoding facilitated the rapid detection of two invasive species, enabling prompt management.

Conclusions:

• Small, low-cost educational initiatives can generate actionable biodiversity data.
• Embedding molecular tools in education is a scalable model for research, training, and management.
• This approach can inform conservation priorities in data-deficient regions.