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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model (CDM)

Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model (CDM)

Published on: September 23, 2021

Sex Differences in Depression: Adult Cytogenesis as Potential Target for Precision Psychiatry.

Leandro Rodrigues-Freitas^1,2, Luísa Pinto^1,2,3, Teresa Canedo^1,2

¹Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.

|June 25, 2026

Summary

Sex differences significantly impact depression vulnerability and treatment. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis, influenced by sex, offers a potential therapeutic target for depression.

Keywords:

adult astrogliogenesis adult neurogenesis depression sex differences

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Cell Biology

Background:

Sex differences are crucial in depression's vulnerability, presentation, and treatment.
The hippocampus is a key brain region where sex-specific factors intersect with depression.
Adult neurogenesis and astrogliogenesis in the hippocampus may link biological sex differences to depression outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review how sex influences depression, considering central nervous system sexual differentiation.
To examine the role of adult hippocampal cytogenesis in depression pathophysiology.
To explore sex-dependent modulation of adult cytogenesis for precision psychiatry.

Main Methods:

Integration of human studies and preclinical models.
Analysis of sex as a biological variable in depression research.
Examination of adult neurogenesis and astrogliogenesis in the hippocampus.

Main Results:

Sex-specific biological and non-biological factors contribute to depression.
Adult hippocampal cytogenesis is modulated in a sex-dependent manner.
Disruption of adult cytogenesis may play a role in depression's pathophysiology.

Conclusions:

Adult hippocampal cytogenesis is a promising target for depression therapeutics.
Promoting cell integration in neural circuits could counteract depression-related impairments.
Understanding sex differences in neurogenesis is vital for precision psychiatry.