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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Correction: Cazzato et al. Skin Mycetoma in an 11-Year-Old African Boy: Case Presentation with Emphasis on Histopathological Features and Differential Diagnosis. <i>Dermatopathology</i> 2021, <i>8</i>, 509-514.

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Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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Cutaneous Hematologic Neoplasms in Children: Overview and Update.

Philippe Drabent1, Anne Welfringer2, Alejandro A Gru3

  • 1Pathology Department, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, 75015 Paris, France.

Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric cutaneous lymphomas and leukemias are rare but require careful diagnosis. Most childhood skin lymphoproliferations are indolent, but aggressive forms necessitate prompt management.

Keywords:
childrenhematologic neoplasmsleukemialymphomaskin

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Cutaneous hematologic neoplasms in children are uncommon, presenting diverse lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders.
  • Key entities include lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) and mycosis fungoides (MF), often requiring differentiation from benign conditions like pityriasis lichenoides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and update the classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis, histopathology, and management of pediatric cutaneous lymphomas, lymphoproliferations, and leukemias.
  • To highlight the indolent nature of most pediatric cutaneous lymphoproliferations while emphasizing the importance of identifying rarer aggressive malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review focusing on classification, clinical features, diagnostic challenges, histopathology, and management strategies.
  • Emphasis on clinical-pathological correlation and the role of clonality studies in diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Most pediatric cutaneous lymphoproliferations, such as primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell disorder and EBV-related disorders, are indolent.
  • Aggressive conditions like certain leukemias and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, though rarer, must be recognized.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of pediatric cutaneous hematologic neoplasms relies on clinical-pathological correlation and ancillary studies.
  • Management ranges from skin-directed therapies for indolent forms to systemic treatments for aggressive leukemias and lymphomas.