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Investigating Bacterial-Fungal Interactions using Fungal Highway Columns in Diverse Environments and Substrates

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Published on: January 24, 2025

Diverse Bacterial Properties Influence Dispersal Along Fungal Networks.

Roberto Regalado¹, Mariana Santos Craveiro Silva¹, Euan Price²

¹Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 25, 2026

Summary

Fungi help bacteria spread, with human pathogens like Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus showing increased dispersal along fungal networks. Mechanisms involve flagella for L. monocytogenes and unique patterns for S. aureus, influenced by quorum sensing.

Keywords:

Aspergillus Listeria Staphylococcus flagella fungal networks phenol-soluble modulins quorum-sensing

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Mycology
Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

Bacterial-fungal interactions are common in nature.
Fungi facilitate bacterial dispersal via their hyphal networks.
Understanding these interactions is crucial for microbial ecology and disease transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate bacterial dispersal along fungal hyphae.
To compare dispersal in monoculture versus coculture with Aspergillus flavus.
To elucidate the mechanisms of bacterial dispersal mediated by fungi.

Main Methods:

Utilized a microfluidic device to observe bacterial dispersal.
Examined dispersal of diverse bacterial species in monoculture and coculture with Aspergillus flavus.
Investigated specific bacterial mutants (flagellar, quorum-sensing) to determine dispersal mechanisms.

Main Results:

Most bacteria dispersed further in coculture with A. flavus.
Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus showed significant dispersal only in coculture.
L. monocytogenes dispersal required flagella, while S. aureus exhibited a unique wave-like pattern dependent on quorum sensing.
L. monocytogenes inhibited S. aureus dispersal in a triculture, dependent on its quorum system.

Conclusions:

Bacterial motility on fungal networks is driven by diverse, species-specific mechanisms.
Flagella, transcriptional regulation, and quorum sensing play key roles in fungal-mediated bacterial dispersal.
Further research is needed to explore other dispersal phenomena observed.