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Published on: February 13, 2026
Scaffold-Based Biomaterials for Periodontal Regeneration in Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Felicia Gabriela Beresescu1, Simona Mucenic1, Adriana Monea2
1Department of Teeth and Dental Arches Morphology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Str., 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|June 25, 2026
Summary
Scaffold biomaterials offer modest, time-dependent benefits for periodontal regeneration, improving probing depth and defect fill. However, clinical attachment level gains are only significant long-term, with limited overall impact.
Area of Science:
- Periodontal medicine
- Biomaterials science
- Regenerative dentistry
Background:
- Periodontitis involves the loss of crucial tooth-supporting structures.
- Scaffold biomaterials aim to aid periodontal regeneration but their added value is unclear.
- This review assesses scaffold-based treatments against conventional methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze scaffold-based periodontal regeneration.
- To compare outcomes like probing depth reduction, clinical attachment level gain, and defect fill.
- To evaluate the efficacy of scaffold biomaterials versus conventional therapy.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- Searched major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science) for studies from 2020-2026.
- Assessed evidence certainty using the GRADE approach.
Main Results:
- Scaffolds showed modest, statistically significant probing depth reductions at 6 and 12 months, but not at 24 months.
- Clinical attachment level gain was significant only at 24 months.
- Radiographic defect fill improved at 12 months, with no significant effect from scaffold type or enrichment.
Conclusions:
- Scaffold biomaterials offer limited, time-dependent benefits as adjuncts in periodontal regeneration.
- Evidence is limited by intervention heterogeneity, modest effect sizes, and low certainty for some outcomes.
- Further research is needed, particularly with histologic confirmation of true periodontal regeneration.
