Magnesium-Based Membrane for Alveolar Ridge Regeneration-A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

• Magnesium-based membranes offer mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and controlled biodegradation for guided bone regeneration.
• Their application in alveolar ridge and guided bone regeneration procedures requires comprehensive evidence synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a scoping review mapping and synthesizing evidence on magnesium-based membranes and screws for alveolar ridge and guided bone regeneration.
• To identify current research trends and knowledge gaps in this field.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was performed from November 2025 to May 2026 across multiple databases.
• Studies followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines.
• Thirty-nine studies (in vitro, preclinical, clinical case reports/series, reviews) met inclusion criteria.

Main Results:

• In vitro studies showed cytocompatibility and enhanced osteogenic differentiation with moderate magnesium ion concentrations.
• Preclinical studies reported controlled degradation, biocompatibility, barrier function, and potential osteogenic stimulation.
• Limited clinical evidence from case reports/series indicated successful use in various regenerative procedures with generally minor complications.

Conclusions:

• Magnesium-based membranes demonstrate promising preclinical results for bone regeneration.
• Current clinical evidence is limited to low-level studies, insufficient to establish efficacy or superiority over conventional membranes.
• Larger prospective controlled studies are crucial to validate clinical effectiveness and guide future development.