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Exploring a Metacognitive Scaffolding-Based GenAI-Assisted Peer Feedback Provision Approach to Enhance Feedback
Shuling Wei1,2, Wei Wei1
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Room M505, Meng Tak Building, Rua de Luis Gonzaga Gomes, Macao 999078, China.
Abstract:
Background: Providing effective peer feedback is a challenge in nursing education. While Generative AI (GenAI) can assist, students often struggle with the task. Metacognitive scaffolding may help guide students through this complex process. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a metacognitive scaffolding-based GenAI-assisted peer feedback provision (MGPFP) approach on nursing students' feedback engagement and behavioral patterns. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 71 nursing students. The experimental group (n = 35) used the MGPFP approach, while the control group (n = 36) used a standard GenAI-assisted approach without scaffolding. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare feedback engagement. Lag sequential analysis was used to examine feedback giving behavior patterns based on coded video data. Results: The experimental group reported significantly higher engagement than the control group across four dimensions: behavioral, cognitive, social, and emotional engagement. The experimental group generated 5219 coded behaviors, while the control group generated 1861. In the experimental group, common behaviors included referring external resources (19.58%), comparing and making judgements (17.80%), and recognizing the purpose (15.77%). Non-feedback behaviors were much higher in the control group (2.69%). Lag sequential analysis identified 17 significant sequences in the experimental group and 14 in the control group. Conclusions: Integrating metacognitive scaffolding into GenAI-assisted peer feedback can improve nursing students' engagement and promote more productive and structured feedback behaviors. This approach is a valuable strategy for enhancing the quality of peer feedback in nursing education.
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