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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

Published on: September 22, 2023

Virtual Reality to Improve Breastfeeding Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alok Raghav¹, Geetanjali Kalyan², Soumya Jyoti Raha¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.

Nursing Reports (Pavia, Italy)

|June 25, 2026

Summary

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Virtual reality (VR) may enhance prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy and technique, but evidence is low. More research is needed to confirm VR

Area of Science:

Reproductive Health
Medical Education Technology

Background:

Suboptimal global breastfeeding rates impact maternal and infant health.
Virtual reality (VR) presents a novel approach for breastfeeding education.
Assessing VR's effectiveness in improving breastfeeding outcomes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of VR interventions on breastfeeding outcomes in pregnant and postpartum women.
To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies.
To assess effects on breastfeeding self-efficacy, motivation, technique, and initiation.

Main Methods:

Searched major databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, etc.) up to January 2026.
Included RCTs and quasi-experimental studies comparing VR interventions with standard care.

Keywords:

breastfeeding behavior breastfeeding motivation breastfeeding self-efficacy immersive technology maternal education virtual reality

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

Published on: September 22, 2023

Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures

Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures

Published on: August 29, 2018

Conducted random-effects meta-analysis and assessed evidence certainty using GRADE.

Main Results:

VR improved prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy, motivation, and LATCH scores.
VR reduced time to breastfeeding initiation, with low to very low certainty evidence.
No significant effects were found for postnatal self-efficacy, exclusive breastfeeding, or maternal anxiety.

Conclusions:

VR interventions show potential for improving prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy, motivation, technique, and early initiation.
Current evidence is limited by low to very low certainty, small sample sizes, and heterogeneity.
Larger, well-designed RCTs are necessary to confirm clinical benefits and guide routine practice adoption.