Plant-Derived Exosomes Deliver Theranostic Molecules to Target Cells.

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Drug Delivery Systems
• Plant Biotechnology

Background:

• Extracellular nanovesicles, particularly plant-derived exosomes, are emerging as natural carriers for therapeutic molecules.
• Acridine Orange (AO) exhibits potent anti-cancer activity but is limited by systemic toxicity.
• Targeted drug delivery systems aim to improve therapeutic efficacy while minimizing adverse effects.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the successful loading of Acridine Orange (AO) into exosomes derived from Citrus Sinensis (Exo-AO).
• To compare the cellular uptake of Exo-AO with free AO molecules.
• To evaluate the enhanced cytotoxic effect of Exo-AO after light excitation.

Main Methods:

• Exosomes were isolated from Citrus Sinensis.
• Acridine Orange (AO) was loaded into exosomes via electroporation, creating Exo-AO.
• Cellular uptake of Exo-AO and free AO was assessed, along with their respective cytotoxic effects post-excitation.

Main Results:

• AO was efficiently loaded into Citrus Sinensis exosomes.
• Exo-AO demonstrated significantly enhanced cellular uptake compared to free AO.
• Intracellular AO delivery was increased, leading to a potentiated cytotoxic effect upon light activation.

Conclusions:

• Citrus Sinensis exosomes serve as effective natural nanocarriers for Acridine Orange.
• Exo-AO exhibits improved cellular targeting and delivery, enhancing therapeutic potential.
• This study presents a promising strategy for developing safer and more effective plant-exosome-based drug delivery systems.