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The Effects of Different Warm-Up Protocols on Sprint Performance.

Frane Žuvela1,2, Goran Kuvačić1,2, Paula Matijašević1,2

  • 1Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia.

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Sprint-specific warm-ups enhance sprint performance in female athletes over longer distances, unlike general warm-ups. Male athletes showed no significant differences across warm-up protocols, suggesting sex-specific responses to warm-up strategies.

Keywords:
repeated sprintsspecific warm-upsprint performancetrack and field

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Athletic Performance

Background:

  • Warm-up protocols significantly impact sprint performance.
  • Understanding sex-specific responses to different warm-ups is crucial for optimizing athletic training.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the effects of various warm-up strategies on repeated sprint performance across sexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the acute effects of three distinct warm-up protocols on repeated sprint performance in male and female athletes.
  • To investigate potential sex-specific differences in response to general long warm-up (GLW), long specific warm-up (LSW), and short specific warm-up (SSW).

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-four male and 23 female athletes participated in the study.
  • Participants underwent three warm-up protocols (GLW, LSW, SSW) on separate occasions.
  • Maximal 60 m sprints with 10 m and 40 m split times were recorded and analyzed using a three-way mixed-design ANOVA.

Main Results:

  • A significant interaction between warm-up protocol and sex was observed at 40 m and 60 m sprint distances.
  • Female athletes demonstrated faster sprint times with LSW and SSW compared to GLW at 40 m and 60 m.
  • No significant differences in sprint performance were found among the warm-up protocols for male athletes.

Conclusions:

  • Sprint-specific warm-ups (LSW, SSW) improve sprint performance in female athletes over 40 m and 60 m compared to a general warm-up (GLW).
  • No protocol-dependent performance differences were noted in male athletes.
  • Sex-specific responses to warm-up protocols may be influenced by sprint distance, highlighting the need for tailored training strategies.