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Published on: April 20, 2018
International Trends in Head and Neck Cancer Mortality.
Tsukasa Higashionna1,2, Tatsuaki Takeda3, Mariko Fujii1
1Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
JAMA Otolaryngology-- Head & Neck Surgery
|June 25, 2026
Summary
Global head and neck cancer (HNC) mortality decreased significantly, but trends diverge by subsite. Laryngeal cancer declined, while oropharyngeal cancer mortality is rising in some high-income nations, necessitating targeted prevention.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Oncology
- Public Health
Background:
- Head and neck cancer (HNC) represents a major global health challenge, causing nearly 1 million new cases and 500,000 deaths annually.
- While overall HNC mortality has declined in many areas, significant variations exist across different anatomical locations and countries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze international and national mortality trends for head and neck cancer (HNC) and its primary anatomical subsites between 2001 and 2023.
- To identify specific trends within HNC subsites and assess geographical variations in mortality rates.
Main Methods:
- An observational epidemiologic study utilizing World Health Organization (WHO) Mortality Database records from 73 countries (2001-2023).
- Calculation of age-standardized mortality rates (ASRs) using the WHO World Standard Population.
- Joinpoint regression analysis to assess country-specific trends from 2010-2023 for countries with sufficient data.
Main Results:
- A total of 2,000,066 HNC deaths were recorded globally between 2001 and 2023.
- International HNC age-standardized mortality rates (ASRs) decreased by 38.9%, with greater reductions observed in males than females.
- Laryngeal cancer mortality saw a significant decrease (-50.1%), contrasting with rising oropharyngeal cancer mortality trends in countries like the UK and US.
Conclusions:
- Despite an international decline in overall head and neck cancer (HNC) mortality, significant variations persist across anatomical subsites and countries.
- The contrasting mortality trends between laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancers highlight the need for subtype-specific prevention strategies.
- Continued global surveillance is crucial for monitoring and addressing HNC mortality trends effectively.
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