Use of gloves: current evidence vs. current use

This review examines the gap between evidence-based indications for glove use and current practice, and analyzes sustainability and implementation science strategies to optimize their use.

A growing body of literature describes the misuse and overuse of nonsterile gloves in healthcare, along with emerging evidence on the causes of inappropriate use. Gloves account for a substantial proportion of personal protective equipment waste, prompting increased attention to their environmental impact. Recent publications have highlighted the scale of inappropriate use and practical tools to promote more rational, risk-based practices.

Glove use is often driven by a mistaken belief in protection, leading to use without clear indications or proven benefits. Rather than enhancing safety, inappropriate use may increase cross-contamination when gloves are worn for prolonged periods or not changed appropriately. Additionally, glove production and disposal contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, resource depletion, and ecosystem damage. Optimizing glove use requires reframing gloves as a targeted intervention indicated only for specific task-related risks, with timely removal and prioritization of hand hygiene. Campaigns focused on reducing glove use have demonstrated decreased environmental impact and costs without compromising patient safety. These improvements can be achieved through targeted education, behavior change, workflow integration, feedback, and audit strategies.