Retinal occlusive event in a pediatric patient in the context of dengue infection: Case report

We report the case of a 3-year-old pediatric patient with serologically confirmed dengue infection who subsequently developed left exotropia and severe visual impairment. Ophthalmologic examination revealed diffuse retinal and optic disc pallor, alterations of the retinal pigment epithelium, and macular fibrosis. B-mode ultrasonography ruled out intraocular malignancy, and optical coherence tomography demonstrated complete macular atrophy. The clinical findings were consistent with a previous retinal vascular occlusive event. However, the absence of angiographic studies and comprehensive systemic evaluation to exclude other etiologies limits the ability to establish a definitive causal relationship with dengue infection. This case highlights the importance of early ophthalmologic assessment in pediatric patients with recent viral infection and underscores the need for further studies to accurately characterize retinal vascular events.